It was going to be reproduced in the history books, and we wanted to be sure that we got it right, and be sure that some there wasnt a typo. Woodward was soon joined on the story by Bernstein, and together the two young reporters undertook a series of investigative reports that gradually revealed the connections between the burglary and a converging pattern of crimes that finally implicated President Richard M. Nixon himself, forcing his resignation in the face of otherwise certain impeachment. At the end of his military service, Woodward applied to Harvard Law School, and was accepted for the fall 1970 term, but he chose to pursue a career in journalism instead. Pakula wrote that Redford would have to scrap his charm. Carl Bernstein, born on February 14, 1944, in Washington, D.C., began part-time work at the Washington Star at the age of 16 and later dropped out of the University of Maryland to work full-time as a reporter. Bush . Woodward! Encyclopedia of World Biography. Bob Woodward may have achieved the greatest publishing success of his career with Fear, the inside story of turmoil inside the administration of President Donald Trump. Few in the room. This button displays the currently selected search type. That happened a long time ago. And that in a little way, and often in a significant way, thats realized. Knopf had a first printing of 275,000 copies. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. What made you decide that this had to be done? Certainly during Watergate, it didnt get transmitted to Carl Bernstein or myself through them. Watergate reporters come together to discuss the 40-year-old scandal which resulted in the resignation of President Richard Nixon. 1996 - 2023 American AcademyofAchievement. [12][13], In 1965, Bernstein left the Star to become a full-time reporter for the Elizabeth Daily Journal in New Jersey. Legendary Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein were guests on Sunday's "Reliable Sources" on CNN. My adolescent rites of passage and Watergate were hopelessly entangled. Did they support you, or did they think it was a little strange? In 1975, it was turned into a movie starring Dustin Hoffman as Bernstein and Robert Redford as Woodward which later went on to be nominated in multiple Oscar (including Best Picture nomination), Golden Globe and BAFTA categories. So, yeah, I think they were friends. The truth that few wanted to confront was Nixon wasn't really unique at all -- just a peculiarly rotten and inept defender of a system, the national security state, that actually didn't work at all, that was corrupt to its very core. In a sense, there were the two worlds: of the Navy, where all the opposite principles seemed to prevail; and then there was The Washington Post there at my doorstep every morning, kind of saying, Wait a minute. Most of us had quite fancy security clearances in that capacity. Woodward and Bernstein did disclose financial links between Nixon's reelection campaign and the burglars arrested June 17, 1972, at headquarters of the Democratic National Committee, in what. Woodward and Bernstein, who were already minor celebrities, really cashed in with the publication of their best-selling book All the President's Men, which was adapted into an Academy Award-winning movie starring Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman, two of the biggest stars of our era. So we started phrasing it close to resignation, and debating resignation, and then, finally, we learned that I think he was going to do it at nine oclock at night, or eight oclock at night. It turned out that he hadnt been asked, and that interested us a great deal, because if the prosecution wasnt asking him those interesting questions, that suggested that there was a reason they werent, and the reason might be that they were trying to cover it up. Bernstein and Woodward stayed on the story, though the government agencies they had helped to prod into activity now began to resent their continuing revelations. He lives in Washington, D.C. with his wife, Elsa Walsh, a writer for The New Yorker. So you would not go from the CIA to the White House instantly, but within several days, through the work of another reporter, we learned there was this cryptic entry in the address books of two of the five burglars that very simply said H. More so than the book, the cinematic adaptation of All the Presidents Men placed Woodward and Bernstein at the decisive center of Watergates unraveling. Bob Woodward's political affiliation hasn't kept him from criticizing people on both sides of the aisle. display: block; There are still, somewhere, embarrassing, Instagram-quality pictures of me wearing a T-shirt with a picture of a reel-to-reel tape-recorder that said, "Property of the Watergate Bugging Team.". Were there siblings? HARRY S. TRUMAN of Independence, Missouri, once remarked that three experiences prepared a man for, Woodward, Bob 1943- (Robert Upshur Woodward), Woodward, Daniel 1931-2007 (D.H. Woodward, Daniel H. Woodward, Daniel Holt Woodward), https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/woodward-and-bernstein. "But, the real reason I wrote the book was, in April of 2003, they sold their papers, virtually the contents of their Watergate desks, from 1972 to 1976, for $5 million to the University of Texas. Without them, he likely would have served out his presidential term. STARR, KENNETH WINSTON Carl is Jewish, grew up in the Washington, D.C. area. And he would be going over to the White House to give Nixon the news that he didnt have any his support in the Senate was eroding. Pakulas notes, dated May 2, 1975, indicate that hed concluded this about the two reporters: * Bob thought Carl was hype, no follow-through. } It marked the low point in a country's trust and respect for the highest office of the land and left the nation to question its very foundation. We made one mistake in a story in which we said that Woodward and Bernstein said that there was a slush fund of $300,000 set up in the Committee to Re-elect the President, and it was controlled by Haldeman, and that one of the witnesses had testified to that slush fund to the grand jury investigating Watergate. Since the 1980 election of Ronald Reagan closed the lid on the post-Watergate era, we've seen a president who WASN'T impeached for evading Congress to cut secret arms deals in Iran and fund a secret war in Nicaragua, a president who WAS impeached for lying about his sex life, and a president who WASN'T impeached for lying the nation into a war that killed thousands of American soldiers and innocent civilians, while carrying out torture and other violations of human rights more "perverse" than anything during Nixon's presidency. Bob Woodward: Yes, we are. As Hoffman ran, Bernstein, already a celebrity, understood how much had happened in the three years since five burglars broke into the Democratic Party headquarters at the Watergate hotel. The best show recs delivered to your inbox. And once you are convicted of a felony, you cant own television stations, so it would have cost us all the television stations. It has been said that as dark a chapter as Watergate was in the American presidency, in a sense, it showed the branches of government working. Now an associate editor at The Washington Post, for several years Bob Woodward oversaw the papers special investigative projects. Woodward -- the one who stayed in the Beltway journalism racket -- had all the access to the highest level officials that he had craved at the start of Watergate, and yet he remained clueless as to how such access could provide as much disinformation as truth. The Watergate scandal may officially date to June 17, 1972, but August 8, 1974 was truly the night they drove ol' Dixie down, as it were; I watched with a sense of awe and disbelief on a 13-inch black-and-white set as our President Nixon resigned, refusing to go to bed, watching his "political obituary" until they finally signed off and played the Star Spangled Banner at 2 a.m. By the time the movie of "All the President's Men" -- the tale of how Washington Post reporters Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward broke some of the big stories of Watergate -- hit the theaters, I was 17 and seeing it with my first girlfriend. Other than Woodward and Bernstein, no personalities prominent in Watergate were the subjects of a bestselling memoir, the inspiration for a star-studded motion picture, and the protectors of a mythical source who eluded conclusive identification for decades. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. So much has happened since then. That we do explain enough about whats going on. Bob Woodward: Yes, and then later, my parents were divorced, and my father remarried a woman who had three kids also. But of course, that all became academic when the tapes came out. NEW YORK . The next year, when I entered college determined to be a reporter just like the guys that Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman had portrayed on the screen, there was a surge in enrollment in journalism schools. But the new Woodward and Bernstein piece was remarkably good, in a sense, of placing the crimes of the Nixon White House in a broader campaign of a war against lawful dissent to the Vietnam War that expanded to the media and the opposition Democrats. The American Academy of Achievements interview with Bob Woodward is combined with an interview with his longtime editor and mentor, Ben Bradlee (1921-2014). Bob Woodward: Not really. He joined the Washington Post's metropolitan staff in 1971. Soon after the Nixon resignation, Bernstein and Woodward began work with a team of researchers on The Final Days, an account of the last months of Nixon's presidency, based on interviews with 394 people. He wanted to film it from 3:00 in the morning until 8:00 in the morning, and we just told him it was not possible. During Watergate, no matter how well Bernstein reported the story, he was pegged by Post editors as the bad boy of the duo -- always late, unreliable and quick to hype his leads. Most news outlets dropped the story, and Nixon was re-elected in a historic landslide. Whos going to get what lead and put it together? How long had you been at the previous paper? Some people think I was in intelligence. What was that about? display: none; What made you back the kids, Woodward and Bernstein? Like most media myths, the heroic-journalist interpretation of Watergate rests on a foundation of simplicity. I had fallen in love with some books at a younger age like Swiss Family Robinson, adventure stories, but I tried to read Crime and Punishment, and read some other books, and then in high school I took a course reading books, and that really kind of focused me on the value of a book. [citation needed], Two years after leaving ABC News, Bernstein released the book Loyalties: A Son's Memoir, in which he revealed that his parents had been members of the Communist Party of America. George W. Bush's Iraq War, in particular, was enabled by a docile press corps and by a feckless generation of lawmakers and judges -- largely the generation that came of age when I did, during those languid Watergate summers. Were much better friends than we were at the time. Back at home, you could cross out the word "party" and replace it with "Nixon." Where do you work? Bob can formulate and Carl can draw conclusions.. If you didnt have the Independent Counsel, which was a direct outgrowth of Watergate, you never would have had Ken Starr, you never would have had a criminal investigation of Clinton. The arrest of the Watergate burglars may have happened in the dead of night, but what came in the months ahead was truly an awakening. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. When you began to work as a journalist, what was the reaction of your family? And it turned out he had worked for the CIA for years, had been working in the White House as a consultant to Chuck Colson, who was then Nixons hatchet man. We didnt allow television in for six months, I dont think. Bernstein was among three CNN reporters who last week broke the story of former Donald Trump lawyer Michael Cohen's allegation that Trump knew in advance of the June 2016 meeting between representatives of his . He had gone to Vietnam as a soldier, so he had fought in Vietnam, but he got convinced that it was a quagmire and that it was a great mistake and that by releasing this study, he could shine light into the darkest corners and change the course of the world. But in the end, its only a glancing blow. The book drew upon the notes and research accumulated while writing articles about the scandal for the Post and "remained on best-seller lists for six months". (Spiro Agnew, who had been elected as Nixon's vice president in 1968 and 1972, had resigned in October 1973 after pleading no contest to a charge of tax evasion.). So we did, and there was no threat to the national security, and information, truth, is not a threat to security, and we believed that. In the end, the Watergate scandal brought down a president and made Bob Woodward the most famous investigative reporter in America. Encyclopedia of World Biography. Bob Woodward: No, not that I can think of. Five long years of unruly marches and campus takeovers hadn't toppled the Establishment. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Woodward would only reveal his informant was an individual working in the Executive Branch. He worked at ABC, CNN, and CBS as a political commentator, and was a spokesman in various television commercials. They wanted to have a whole presidency where they could do what they wanted and no one would examine them or scrutinize them, and they got in trouble, a lot of them, because of this. Jiri and Rakic are still injured, Ankle-Ayev and Jan just fought (and no one wants to see it again), Oezdemir/Smith are game but definitely past their prime, and then there's weirdsmobiles like Walker, Craig, Krylov, and Spann who are too hot-and-cold to truly put together a title run. How does this affect me, Nixon, the president? Ephron delivered Max prematurely after finding out. Yes. But the real input comes from people who believe in a free press, believe in the First Amendment, believe in open discourse as much as possible, hate secrets, hate secret government, hate secret concentrations of power. Between June 1972 to November 1973, Felt spoke with Bob Woodward 17 times, originally confirming leads the pair found, but eventually, began to offer new information to the team. And there was a sort of, as I have said, I am packing my bags quality to his voice that didnt tell you everything you needed to know but certainly got you focused on, you know, this is interesting now. Its our job to figure them out.. I think journalism is a practice, like law, that you keep learning. So we were terribly worried, and we didnt its a big newspaper and a lot of people in it, and you cant control all of them even if you wanted to. As a teen, he was a "pool shark," a leader of the Jewish service organization B'nai Brith, and a copyboy at The Washington Star. I really we knew it, we knew it, we knew it, but we couldnt we were being told by the people who were telling us that if we publish it, hell change his mind and wont resign! Robert U. Woodward was born in Geneva, Illinois, and raised in nearby Wheaton. When they found such a player in their legendary source "Deep Throat" -- later revealed as deputy FBI director Mark Felt -- they seemed blind to the reality that Felt wasn't motivated by an altruistic loyalty to the nation or the truth but by blind career ambition and petty revenge. Staggering snowfall in California mountains leaves residents trapped for days, SpaceX launches new crew to space station, Prosecution wraps case at Alex Murdaugh murder trial, White House cybersecurity strategy pivots to regulation, Explosive found in checked luggage at Pennsylvania airport, feds say, FDA authorizes first at-home test for both COVID and flu, Couple accuses fertility clinic of implanting embryo with cancer genes, Air Force relieves six officers after failing safety inspection, Several hospitalized after Lufthansa flight diverted to Dulles due to turbulence. All the Presidents Men was published in June 1974 and quickly reached the top of The New York Times bestseller list, remaining there 15 weeks, through Nixons resignation and beyond. And there came a time when we had to get her, okay, and the lawyers started off by telling her the lawyer was one of the greatest men, even though he didnt approve of publishing it but the way he told her that was just so important. Sunburned from swimming laps in the forced labor of summer recreation camp, I raced home so I could catch John Dean's afternoon testimony before the Senate Watergate committee, and the next summer I read the paperback version of the committee's report by flashlight at a campground along the Delaware River, while raccoons scurried under my tent. Redford can get that compulsive drive. He was a very well-regarded lawyer in town. Probably one of my favorite books is All the Kings Men, Robert Penn Warrens book about political corruption in Louisiana and about a reporter who watches this and gets to participate and see, but doesnt have all of the full consequences of the action fall on him. It was the first film I ever made like this, Hoffman told me. }, First published on December 26, 2006 / 7:23 AM. Much to his chagrin. You want to deal a careful glancing blow. What it turned out was that the question hinged on whether or not he had told that to the grand jury, and since he hadnt, he was able to say No. He wasnt asked was there a slush fund, which, of course, there was. He dropped out of the University of Maryland and became a reporter in New Jersey where his investigative reporting caught the eye of the Washington Post, which hired him in 1966 (via Huffington Post). All stability. It was going to be scrutinized and examined. More than 40 years after they became the world's most famous journalism duo, Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein are still making news.Bernstein was among three CNN reporters who last week broke the story of former Donald Trump lawyer Michael Cohen's allegation that Trump knew in advance of the June 2016 meeting between representatives of his And I was going on an unknown path, and that concerned him, but when I got into it and then went to work for the Post, he was quite supportive. Between 1980 and 1984, Bernstein was the network's Washington Bureau Chief and then a senior correspondent. Woodward and Bernstein reflect on Watergate and its place in American history. All reflected a mind-set and a pattern of behavior that were uniquely and pervasively Nixon's: a willingness to disregard the law for political advantage, and a quest for dirt and secrets about his opponents as an organizing principle of his presidency. The team stole top-secret documents and wiretapped the phones to listen to conversations. What were some of the mistakes? Yes. Thats the standard clich about Watergate: the system worked. And a college dropout. Not, "What did the president know and when did he know it? Pakula gradually realized that neither Woodward nor Bernstein could have pulled off Watergate alone. Retrieved February 22, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/woodward-and-bernstein. Instead, they wrote 'All the President's Men' and they sold the movie rights to Robert Redford. You are trying to find out what really happened. How did that come about? Early one Saturday morning, June 17, 1972, the Posts city editor called Woodward to tell him that five men with cameras and electronic surveillance equipment had been arrested breaking into the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate office complex. The judge said, What do you do? and Woodward overheard the words CIA. So if your interest isnt whetted by this time, youre not a journalist. All of the guys who later went to jail. When will all the truth come out? Quite optimistically. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/woodward-and-bernstein, "Woodward and Bernstein I suspect that most people from the generations that came after mine don't really know that much about Watergate other than that a president resigned in disgrace, the only time that's ever happened. The dichotomy intrigued Pakula. It was mysterious always, his writing, but of great emotional impact. I mean, I lived in that place for those periods. By entering your email and clicking Sign Up, you're agreeing to let us send you customized marketing messages about us and our advertising partners. In January 1975, five months after President Nixon had resigned, Pakula flew to Washington to begin in-depth interviews with a dozen of the principals involved in unraveling the Watergate tale. Carl Milton Bernstein (/ b r n s t i n / BURN-steen; born February 14, 1944) is an American investigative journalist and author.While a young reporter for The Washington Post in 1972, Bernstein was teamed up with Bob Woodward, and the two did much of the original news reporting on the Watergate scandal.These scandals led to numerous government investigations and the eventual . Woodward also got a dig in about Bernsteins famed love of the ladies, recalling Bernstein got a list of people who worked on the Richard Nixon re-election campaign from an ex-girlfriend. Ehrlichman? Will the luck of the Irish affect the Oscars? Mr. Woodward, there is an interesting scene in the book and in the film All the Presidents Men where you tap out a story and Carl Bernstein immediately starts rewriting it, and youre miffed. Mr. Bradlee, when did it become clear to you that the Watergate break-in was something more than a simple burglary? The New York Times played the lead role but we played a role too. So that gave hope to the Republicans, and of course, all of the Republican spokesmen had a field day beating us upside the face over that, but it didnt last very long. Ben Bradlee: We were being very careful. Who would be dumb enough to work on this story on a Saturday morning? And they thought of me immediately. He went to jail for that. Bob Woodward: Sure. The End of a Presidency (1974) by the staff of the New York Times provides a useful combination of analysis and chronology with a sampling of the major documents. Editors looked around and thought, Who could we call in? [22] A CBS News end-of-year survey of publishing "hits and misses" included A Woman in Charge in the "miss" category and implied that its total sales were somewhere in the range of perhaps 55,00065,000 copies. 7:23 AM of Watergate rests on a Saturday morning several years Bob oversaw. The system worked or did they support you, or did they it! 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